Congressman Valadao’s Bill to Provide Resources for Lifesaving Earthquake Emergency Response Passes Out of House Committee on Natural Resources

Source: United States House of Representatives – Congressman David G Valadao (CA-21)

WASHINGTON – This week, the House Committee on Natural Resources advanced H.R. 3168, the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act, out of full committee markup. This bipartisan bill was introduced by Congressman David Valadao (CA-22) and Congressman Jim Costa (CA-21) and would reauthorize the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program through Fiscal Year 2030—providing resources to the research, development, and implementation of lifesaving earthquake risk reduction and safety.

“With millions of families living near active fault lines throughout California, we have a responsibility to make sure our communities are as prepared as possible for earthquakes,” said Congressman Valadao. “Reauthorizing this program means better coordination and more reliable early warning systems, and I’m grateful to Chairman Westerman and the House Committee on Natural Resources for recognizing how important this bill is to public safety in our state and across the country.”

“H.R. 3168 renews the critical Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program through 2030,” said House Committee on Natural Resources Chairman Bruce Westerman. “The program reduces the risk to life and property from future earthquakes in the U.S. I applaud Rep. Valadao for his work and look forward to helping him usher this bill through the House.”

Background:

The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) is a program authorized in 1977. It supports activities like seismic monitoring, risk assessment, and the development of building codes and mitigation strategies. The program is managed through a partnership among four federal agencies: the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The most recent reauthorization of NEHRP occurred in 2018 under the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2018.

Read the full bill here.

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Rep. Castor, Sen. Luján Introduce Legislation to Expand Access to Affordable, Clean Solar Energy

Source: United States House of Representatives – Reprepsentative Kathy Castor (FL14)

WASHINGTON, D.C. – Today, U.S. Rep. Kathy Castor (FL-14) introduced legislation to expand a Department of Energy initiative that encourages community solar projects nationwide and increase accessibility to energy produced by lower-cost solar power. The Community Solar Consumer Choice Act of 2025 will increase access to solar energy throughout the Tampa Bay area for all residents, regardless of their income. Sen. Ben Ray Luján (NM) has introduced companion legislation in the U.S. Senate.

“Clean, affordable energy should be within reach for everyone—especially in Florida, the Sunshine State. Unfortunately, nearly half of all households and businesses can’t install rooftop solar because they rent, share buildings or can’t afford the upfront costs.

“That’s where community solar comes in. It allows neighbors to share the benefits of nearby solar projects—saving them money on their electric bills without needing solar panels on their own roof.

“This bill helps expand these initiatives, especially for working families. It supports states and local governments, creates jobs, and helps cut harmful pollution. By boosting access to shared solar energy and investing in storage, each community solar project creates $14 million in local economic investment and over 90 jobs.

“I’m proud to stand with my Congressional partners and dedicated advocates in fighting for a cleaner, healthier and more affordable energy future for all,” said Rep. Castor.

“As the climate crisis intensifies and Republican lawmakers push to cut clean energy funding, fighting for practical solutions like community solar is more critical than ever,” said Sen. Luján. “I’m proud to reintroduce the Community Solar Consumer Choice Act to expand access to solar power through community solar projects for all Americans and create more good-paying, clean energy jobs. This bill is a step forward in combating the climate crisis, and I look forward to working with Representative Castor to get this bill passed.”

A full list of supporting quotes can be found here.

House Cosponsors: Reps. Yassamin Ansari (AZ-03), Nanette Barragán (CA-44), Suzanne Bonamici (OR-01), Julia Brownley (CA-26), Adriano Espaillat (NY-13), Jared Huffman (CA-02), Raja Krishnamoorthi (IL-08), Doris Matsui (CA-07), Eleanor Holmes Norton (DC), and Paul Tonko (NY-21).

Supporting Organizations: Coalition for Community Solar Access, Evergreen Action, GreenLatinos, League of Conservation Voters, Moms Clean Air Force, Natural Resources Defense Council, New Mexico Climate Investment Center, Sierra Club, Solar Energy Industries Association, WE ACT for Environmental Justice

View the legislative text here.

Griffith Op-Ed: “Big, Beautiful Bill” Bolsters Electric Grid, Helps Protect Americans from Blackout Threats

Source: United States House of Representatives – Congressman Morgan Griffith (R-VA)

As the U.S. Congress continues to deliberate on a reconciliation package to deliver to President Trump’s desk ahead of July 4, Congressman Morgan Griffith (R-VA) penned an op-ed on the package’s benefits for America’s electric grid. 

Read his full op-ed in the Washington Examiner here or below.

The intense heat wave battering the United States pushes America’s electric grid to the brink and threatens potential power outages. But House Republicans offer a policy change that bolsters our grid and helps protect Americans from blackout threats.

Communities across much of the country face scorching temperatures, prompting power companies to take notice and act accordingly.

In my part of Virginia, local power companies affiliated with the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) are encouraging their customers to reduce electricity use. This request appears to be based on an announcement from the TVA.

Alerts of potential breaking points in America’s electric grid are not unique to the TVA and are unfortunately becoming more and more frequent. 

The Friday before Memorial Day, Energy Secretary Chris Wright issued an emergency order directing the Midcontinent Independent System Operator (MISO), the Midwest grid operator, to keep a coal-fired power plant in Michigan in operation. These emergency actions are authorized for up to 90 days at a time under Section 202(c) of the Federal Power Act.

Wright issued the order to minimize the risk of blackouts ahead of the high electricity demand expected this summer.

MISO runs North to South from Manitoba and Michigan down to Louisiana and a portion of East Texas. 

Notwithstanding keeping the plant in Michigan open, the New Orleans metro area suffered a large and unexpected power outage during Memorial Day weekend. At the blackout’s peak, more than 100,000 customers lost electricity.

According to news website Axios, utilities knew high demand was likely that weekend. However, they had no extra power capacity. When one plant went down, their customers were plunged into darkness.

Reports confirmed that two of the region’s nuclear power plants lost connection to the grid. One was due to expected maintenance, while the other was unexpected. Constrained by a lack of energy supply, grid operators cut power to customers in New Orleans.

Entergy, an electric utility company in the region, said that the forced outages directed by MISO were done to prevent a larger scale and more prolonged power outage from impacting the electric grid.

This blackout was not the only major power outage in recent memory.

On April 28, Portugal and Spain witnessed the worst blackout in their history, affecting 55 million people, per British newspaper The Guardian.

Airports shut down, cars drove on streets without traffic lights, hospitals resorted to backup generators and some people were stuck in elevators!

The Iberian Peninsula blackout continues to be investigated. Lots of finger-pointing is going on between Spain’s grid operator, the government and plant operators. But it is interesting to note that on April 16, Spain reported its first weekday where its national power grid was 100% reliant on renewable power.

A coincidence? Maybe, maybe not.

Coincidentally, in a recent Virginia Tech press release, professor and Power and Energy Center director Dr. Ali Mehrizi-Sani highlighted how the systems that control these clean energy sources are more susceptible to blackouts.

As parts of the world transition to renewable energy sources like wind and solar, the lack of seamless grid adaptation to the use of these sources, as illustrated by the blackout in Spain and Portugal and by experts like Dr. Mehrizi-Sani, threatens destabilization of electric grids and more blackouts.

Leftist policies that attempted to gut our grid’s reliance on fossil fuels and convert to renewables have pushed America’s electric grid to the brink.

Federal policies, like the Obama-era “War on Coal” and the Biden Administration’s so-called Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), shunning reliable baseload forms of energy like coal and natural gas have made our electric grid more vulnerable to failure.  

But House Republicans offer a potential policy change that levels the playing field and openly welcomes baseload power.

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act curtails some IRA tax credits which disincentivize coal and natural gas power plants. We maintain the incentives for nuclear because of its significant potential for baseload power.

Republicans also create an energy project insurance pool to help protect energy investors from permits being revoked for coal, oil, critical minerals, natural gas or nuclear installations.

This de-risking compensation fund will make it harder for federal policies to discourage and phase out these reliable energy sources.

As extreme summer heat continues to threaten potential power outages, we must secure and equip our electric grid with reliable energy solutions.

We do not need to follow in Spain’s footsteps and make Iberian Peninsula-style blackouts the norm.

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act helps Americans avoid blackout threats by instituting reliable forms of baseload power. 

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Griffith Announces More Than $4 Million HHS Grant to People Incorporated of Virginia

Source: United States House of Representatives – Congressman Morgan Griffith (R-VA)

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has awarded People Incorporated of Virginia, based in Abingdon, Virginia, a $4,059,715 grant. The funding supports head start and early head start projects. U.S. Congressman Morgan Griffith (R-VA) issued the following statement:

“People Incorporated is a provider of head start services in Southwest Virginia.

“This grant for more than $4 million helps People Incorporated administer head start and early head start services.”

BACKGROUND

According to its website, People Incorporated of Virginia offers early head start services to Buchanan, Dickenson, Russell and Washington Counties as well as the City of Bristol.

People Incorporated lists five head start centers based in Southwest Virginia.

Last year, Congressman Griffith entered formal remarks in the Congressional Record to celebrate the organization’s 60thanniversary.

In a recent Health Subcommittee hearing with Congressman Griffith present, HHS Secretary Kennedy noted President Trump’s Budget request recommends Head Start continue to receive funding equal to the FY 2025 enacted level.

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Griffith Announces More Than $1 Million HHS Grant to Clinch Valley Community Action, Inc.

Source: United States House of Representatives – Congressman Morgan Griffith (R-VA)

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has awarded Clinch Valley Community Action, Inc., based in North Tazewell, Virginia, a $1,026,248 grant. The funding supports the organization’s Head Start program. U.S. Congressman Morgan Griffith (R-VA) issued the following statement:

“Southwest Virginia children and families receive access to Head Start through groups like Clinch Valley Community Action.

“This grant for more than $1 million helps Clinch Valley Community Action tend to the Head Start needs of Southwest Virginia communities.”

BACKGROUND

According to its website, the Clinch Valley Community Action Head Start program operates eight classrooms in Tazewell County that serve 157 children. 

Outside of Tazewell County, Clinch Valley Community Action offers Head Start programs to Bland, Smyth and Wythe Counties.

In a recent Health Subcommittee hearing with Congressman Griffith present, HHS Secretary Kennedy noted President Trump’s Budget request recommends Head Start continue to receive funding equal to the FY 2025 enacted level.

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Kaptur Applauds Over $1.4 Million in Federal Awards For Four Local Northwest Ohio Regional Airports

Source: United States House of Representatives – Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur (OH-09)

Washington, DC – Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur (OH-09) announced the award of four federal aviation awards totaling $1,433,909 to support critical infrastructure upgrades at rural and regional airports across Northwest Ohio. Funded through the FY25 Airport Infrastructure Grant (AIG) program, the awards will modernize facilities in Fremont, Kelleys Island, Port Clinton, and Defiance, boosting the region’s aviation economy and workforce while enhancing long-term safety and service capacity Defiance, Erie, Ottawa, and Sandusky Counties.

“These awards represent smart, targeted investment in transportation infrastructure – the backbone of our Northwest Ohio region,” said Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur (OH-09). “These facilities are lifelines for emergency access, business development, and future aviation growth. From snow removal equipment in Fremont to major runway and taxiway improvements in Port Clinton, and Defiance, to long-overdue safety enhancements on Kelleys Island, these projects support the skilled labor and small businesses that keep our airports running and our communities connected. Thanks to continued federal support, Ohio will continue to be a leader in flight at airports both big and small for generations to come.

“On behalf of the Sandusky County Regional Airport Authority, we thank Congresswoman Kaptur for helping us to receive this federal investment,” said Michael Russell, Airport Manager, Sandusky County Regional Airport. “We greatly appreciate her support and look forward to her next visits to see the equipment in action!”

The specific awards include:

  • $387,600 for the Sandusky County Regional Airport in Fremont to replace snow removal equipment that has reached the end of its useful life;
  • $361,361 for the Village of Kelleys Island to fund the second phase of an Environmental Assessment for planned runway safety improvements, including the relocation of Monaghan Road;
  • $572,302 for the Erie-Ottawa International Airport in Port Clinton to begin design work for rehabilitation of runways and taxiways;
  • $112,646 for the Defiance Memorial Airport to design reconstruction of deteriorating taxi lanes and apron pavement.

This new investment delivered by Congresswoman Kaptur follows $342K awarded to Fulton County Airport in March, 2025, $1 Million awarded to Eugene F. Kranz Toledo Express Airport in October, 2024, and over $7 Million awarded across Erie-Ottawa International Airport, Middle Bass Island Airport, and Eugene F. Kranz Toledo Express Airport in September, 2024.

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Congresswoman Torres Introduces The Taxpayer Protection Act

Source: United States House of Representatives – Congresswoman Norma Torres (35th District of California)

June 26, 2025

Legislation to Ensure Donor States Receive Fair Federal Funding and Ends Politically Motivated Budget Punishment

Washington, D.C. – Today, Congresswoman Norma Torres (CA-35) unveiled The Taxpayer Protection Act, legislation that addresses politically motivated funding cuts, as well as the persistent imbalance between donor states’ federal tax contributions and the federal funding they receive.

For months now, California has been subject to threats of across the board federal funding cuts because of the political whims of the Trump Administration.  This is particularly offensive given California’s role as the biggest donor state in the nation- California taxpayers contribute approximately $83 billion more annually to the federal government than the state receives back in federal funding, according to the Rockefeller Institute of Government. The bill establishes  a transparent, accountable, and equitable framework ensuring that federal funds are allocated based on fairness — not political retribution.

“California contributes more to our nation than any other state, yet Donald Trump wants to punish us for our values and political decisions. That stops now. This legislation ensures that federal funding decisions are based on need and equity—not political retribution from the Trump Administration. With the Taxpayer Protection Act, we will ensure fairness, transparency, and accountability from the federal government. This bill isn’t about special treatment—it’s about equal treatment. Our tax dollars should work for us, not be used against us,” said Congresswoman Norma Torres.

The Act establishes the Donor State Protection Trust Fund, a special Treasury account designed to balance donor states federal tax contributions against the federal funding it receives. It requires independent verification and protects against politically motivated funding cuts. It also prohibits federal agencies from circumventing the law through reclassification or freezing funds.

The bill would include:

  • A formula-based approach linking donor states federal tax contributions to federal funding received.

  • Protections against funding reductions motivated by political retaliation.

  • Oversight against waste, fraud, and abuse by the Government Accountability Office

Full bill text

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Tonko Demands Trump Withdraw Executive Order Attacking Public Science

Source: United States House of Representatives – Representative Paul Tonko (Capital Region New York)

WASHINGTON, D.C. — Congressman Paul D. Tonko led more than 20 members in the House in a letter today calling President Trump to withdraw his Executive Order, Restoring Gold Standard Science. The lawmakers call out the hypocrisy of Trump’s claim to boost scientific standards while slashing federal science programs, attacking scientists and experts, and eroding trust in public science.

“Your administration has proposed slashing the National Institutes of Health budget by nearly 40%, removed and altered essential technical resources targeted diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives that strengthen the rigor and reach of American science, and cast entire disciplines including climate science, public health, and gender equity, as invalid,” the letter reads. “This order continues that pattern, masking efforts to assert political control over science under the guise of accountability.

 

“If your administration were genuinely committed to trustworthy, reproducible science, you would begin by adequately funding it. This Executive Order is not a return to “gold standard” science. It is a hollow public relations stunt from an administration that has repeatedly weakened America’s scientific credibility and further eroded trust in evidence-based policymaking. We urge you to withdraw this order and instead support policies that meaningfully uphold the independence, integrity, and funding of American science — not just in rhetoric, but in practice.”

 

Tonko has long been a champion and advocate for protecting scientific standards and protecting independent science. He is the author of the Scientific Integrity Actbipartisan legislation that sets clear, enforceable standards for federal agencies and federally-funded research to prevent meddling in public science by political and special interests.
A fact sheet of the Scientific Integrity Act can be found HERE.     
The full letter can be read HERE and below:
The Honorable Donald J. Trump 
President
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20500. 
Dear President Trump:
We write to express profound concern with your recent Executive Order, Restoring Gold Standard Science. While the principles of transparency, integrity, and reliability this order claims to champion are indeed crucial to good science, it is difficult to take a call for scientific integrity seriously from an administration that has consistently undermined the very foundations of the U.S. research enterprise. This Executive Order does not restore high scientific standards; it cloaks political interference in the language of pro-science reform.
Your administration has proposed slashing the National Institutes of Health budget by nearly 40%, removed and altered essential technical resources, targeted diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives that strengthen the rigor and reach of American science, and cast entire disciplines including climate science, public health, and gender equity, as invalid. This order continues that pattern, masking efforts to assert political control over science under the guise of accountability.
One of the most concerning elements of the order is the requirement that agencies publicly release all “data, analyses, and conclusions” underpinning major policies. While transparency is a fundamental scientific value, this language closely mirrors the flawed Strengthening Transparency in Regulatory Science rule from your first term, a rule that sought to exclude essential studies from Environmental Protection Agency policymaking unless raw data, including sensitive medical information, was made public. Such an approach does not enhance scientific integrity; it undermines it, while also weakening public health protections.
Even more alarming is the provision granting political appointees sweeping power over the interpretation, use, and communication of federal scientific research. By authorizing senior political staff to investigate alleged violations, impose disciplinary action, and unilaterally “correct” scientific outputs, the order invites ideological enforcement and suppresses dissent. That is not scientific integrity — it is its undoing.
True scientific integrity means protecting the independence of science from external manipulation. That’s why the Biden administration required federal agencies to update and strengthen their scientific integrity policies, creating a government-wide framework to safeguard objectivity and shield science from undue influence. Your Executive Order seeks to dismantle that progress. By rolling back policies to 2021 standards, it strips scientists of strong institutional protections and leaves agencies without real accountability.
If your administration were genuinely committed to trustworthy, reproducible science, you would begin by adequately funding it. The so-called replication crisis is not rooted in malicious intent, it is the result of systemic underinvestment and perverse incentives. Researchers, especially those early in their careers, face precarious employment, low pay, and pressure to prioritize novelty over rigor. Yet your Executive Order ignores these structural issues entirely. Instead, it doubles down on austerity, depriving scientists of the time, resources, and institutional support they need to do robust and verifiable research.
You claim scientists are afraid to ask, “inconvenient questions.” But it is your administration’s policies, proposed funding and personnel cuts, and dismissal of widely accepted peer-reviewed science that have created a chilling effect. You are cultivating an environment where researchers fear professional retaliation or public vilification for producing evidence that challenges political narratives. That is the very definition of politicizing science.

Moreover, if you were truly concerned about protecting science from corporate influence, you would be increasing public investment in research to guard against private sector capture. Pulling federal support doesn’t reduce the sway of Big Pharma or Big Ag, it strengthens their influence, allowing profit-driven interests to dictate research priorities at the expense of the public good.

Buzzwords like “transparency” and “interdisciplinary research” cannot substitute for real commitment to the scientific enterprise. Genuine scientific progress demands sustained investment in people, infrastructure, and the freedom to follow the evidence wherever it leads, without censorship, coercion, or fear. Yet your administration has steadily dismantled the conditions necessary for such progress to flourish.
This Executive Order is not a return to “gold standard” science. It is a hollow public relations stunt from an administration that has repeatedly weakened America’s scientific credibility and further eroded trust in evidence-based policymaking.

I urge you to withdraw this order and instead support policies that meaningfully uphold the independence, integrity, and funding of American science — not just in rhetoric, but in practice.

Casten, Booker Reintroduce Legislation Banning Inequitable Calculations of Civil Damages

Source: United States House of Representatives – Representative Sean Casten (IL-06)

June 26, 2025

Washington, D.C. — Today, U.S. Representative Sean Casten (D-IL-06) and U.S. Senator Cory Booker (D-NJ) introduced the Fair Calculations in Civil Damages Act, legislation to prohibit the consideration of race, ethnicity, gender, or actual or perceived sexual orientation when calculating damages in civil lawsuits.

“It is unacceptable that our courts often award less in damages to women and people of color than white men in comparable civil cases,” said Congressman Casten. “In doing so, our courts are declaring that some Americans’ lives are worth less based on lifetime earning potential statistics borne of racism and sexism. I’m proud to join Senator Booker in introducing the Fair Calculations Act to outlaw discriminatory damage calculations in federal courts. This bill takes a major step in ensuring justice and equity in our civil courts.”

“Nobody should be granted lower civil damages because of their gender, race, ethnicity, or sexual orientation,” said Senator Booker. “However, studies show that women and people of color often receive less in damages in comparison to their white, male counterparts. The Fair Calculations in Civil Damages Act will work to ensure equal justice under the law by banning discriminatory practices that prevent victims in civil cases from receiving fair compensation.”

Concerning studies and news reports have shown that state and federal courtrooms across the country consider race, ethnicity, and gender when calculating damages. Courts often award women and people of color significantly less than white men, even in comparable civil cases. In these instances, a person of color may, for example, be presumed to have less lifetime earning potential than a similarly situated white counterpart, leading to the low and unfair appraisal of damages. 

The Fair Calculations in Civil Damages Act makes our legal system more just and equal by outlawing discriminatory damage calculations in federal courts and preventing courts from determining that victims in civil cases should be awarded less in damages on the basis of their actual or perceived race, ethnicity, sex, gender, or sexual orientation. 

This bill is endorsed by the American Association for Justice and Equal Justice Under Law.

This bill is cosponsored by Del. Eleanor Holmes Norton.

Full text of the bill can be found here.

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Hoyer Opening Remarks During Full Committee Markup of Fiscal Year 2026 Legislative Branch Bill

Source: United States House of Representatives – Congressman Steny H Hoyer (MD-05)

WASHINGTON, DC – Today, Congressman Steny H. Hoyer (MD-05), Ranking Member of the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Financial Services and General Government (FSGG), delivered opening remarks at the House Appropriations Full Committee Markup of the Fiscal Year 2026 Legislative Branch Bill. Below is a video and transcript of his remarks:

Click here to watch a full video of his remarks.

“Thank you very much. I had comments in our markup, but I’m going to repeat some of them. The Legislative Branch is supposed to deliver, at least, for the Legislative Branch. This bill, however, is designed to deliver, in my view, for the Administration and its mission to consolidate the power of the federal government within the executive. That is clearly their objective and the articulated policy of the Office of Management and Budget. It does so, of course, at the expense of our Congress’s status as an independent, co-equal branch of government under the Constitution.

“The Administration and many of my colleagues across the aisle talk a big lot about government efficiency and about the power of Congress, then why in heaven’s name do we back this bill’s 50% cut in the GAO? That nonpartisan, independent agency’s entire purpose is to ensure the Executive Branch is using federal funds efficiently and effectively and absent waste, fraud, and abuse, as the Congress intended. The GAO is currently conducting, as the Chairman has said, over 40 investigations into the White House’s efforts to illegally and unconstitutionally impound funds. My Republican colleagues, surely, that is not of interest of us, only if it is the other Administration. If that’s the case, then it is a empty power that we have in the Congress.

“The GAO is the only entity – I appreciate that one of you is paying attention, because these are not partisan issues. This is about whether the Congress can act as it should, as it was designed to do, as democracy demands that it does. It’s the only entity capable of taking legal action to compel the Administration to spend impounded funds. This bill, astonishingly and wrongly, takes that power away from them. In other words, nobody can sue unless they’re personally affected. Taking that power away from the GAO and thus from the Congress and the American people. My Republican colleagues, the Congress is not a suggestion box. We are the Congress, we are the deciders, we are the ones who set policy. We are the one who appropriate money. Nothing can be spent unless we act. Don’t give that up lightly. This action, however, allows the President to divert or stop congressionally directed funding without accountability or legal consequences. Is that what you want? [It’s] very frustrating, two of you are now paying any attention to what I have to say. The rest of you are reading.

“This isn’t about Democrats or Republicans. This is about the Congress of the United States. Since 1949, we’ve had 76 years. 40 of those years, Republicans have been presidents. 36 years, Democrats have been president and if you look at the record, it sort of passes back and forth. And in passing, bouncing back and forth, the perspectives change. If our guy is a Democrat or your guy is Republican, your perspective seems to change — both sides. But it ought not to change, because the power of the Congress makes this country unique in the world. And that is why, I suggest you, our democracy has survived since 1789. The oldest democracy in the world not by chance, but by design. Article One of the Constitution makes it clear that Congress has the power of the purse. All of you know that, all of you articulate that, all of you say that but we need to protect that power because power unprotected will be lost.

“Chairman, can I have a little bit of leniency here. I’m trying not to speak… Okay. Thank you very much. I think we will rue this day on both sides of the aisle, depending upon whose president is in charge. So I have other things to say, but my time is up. But I would hope that you would look at this not from a partisan standpoint, but as a patriot. A patriot that believes that the Congress’s unique status in our government is what makes us a great democracy. I yield back.”